背景
随着移动互联网的发展,WiFi已成为人们生活中不可或缺的网络接入方式。但在连接WiFi时,用户常需要手动输入一个复杂的密钥,这带来了一定的不便。针对这一痛点,利用QR码连接WiFi的方案应运而生。QR码连接WiFi的工作流程是:商家或公共场所提供含有WiFi密钥的QR码,用户只需使用手机扫一扫即可读取密钥信息并连接WiFi,无需手动输入，这种连接方式大大简化了用户的操作。随着智能手机摄像头识别能力的提升,以及用户需求的引领,利用QR码连接WiFi的方式未来还将得到更广泛的应用,为用户提供更稳定便捷的上网体验。它利用了移动互联网时代的技术优势,解决了传统WiFi连接中的痛点,是一种值得推广的网络连接方式。
效果
页面截图
扫码页面 |
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配网连接中 | 配网连接成功 | 配网连接失败 |
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在线视频播放的地址
优势
使用QR码连接WiFi具有以下优势:
- 提高了连接成功率,避免因手动输入密钥错误导致的连接失败问题。
- 加快了连接速度,扫码相对于手动输入更高效方便。
- 提升了用户体验,无需记忆和输入复杂密钥,操作更人性化。
- 方便密钥分享和更改,通过更新QR码即可实现。
- 在一些需要频繁连接不同WiFi的场景下尤其便利,如酒店、餐厅、机场等。
- 一些App可以自动识别WiFi二维码,实现零点击连接。
开发与实现
开发环境
开发平台：windows10、DevEco Studio 3.1 Release
系统：OpenHarmony 3.2 Release，API9(Full SDK 3.2.11.9)
设备：SD100（工业平板设备、平台：RK3568、屏幕像素：1920 * 1200）
项目开发
需求分析
- 支持相机扫码，并可以解析二维码信息。
- 获取二维码中的wifi连接信息，自动完成网络连接。
- 网络连接成功，则提示用户成功。
- 网络连接失败，则提示用户失败，可以重新连接。
- UI界面符合OpenHarmony设计原则，应用界面简洁高效、自然流畅。
项目流程图
界面
说明：从需求上分析，可以有两个界面，一是扫码界面、二是wifi连接等待和显示结果界面。
详细开发
一、创建项目
说明：通过DevEco Studio创建一个OpenHarmony的项目。
二、申请权限
说明：在应用中涉及到使用相机和wifi的操作，需要动态申请一些必要的权限，我们可以在 EntryAbility.ts中实现，EntryAbility.ts继承UIAbility，用于管理应用的生面周期，在OnCreate是实例冷启动时触发，在此函数中实现权限申请。具体代码如下：
let permissionList: Array = [
"ohos.permission.GET_WIFI_INFO",
"ohos.permission.INTERNET",
'ohos.permission.CAMERA',
'ohos.permission.READ_MEDIA',
'ohos.permission.WRITE_MEDIA',
'ohos.permission.MEDIA_LOCATION',
'ohos.permission.LOCATION',
'ohos.permission.APPROXIMATELY_LOCATION'
]
onCreate(want, launchParam) {
hilog.info(0x0000, 'testTag', '%{public}s', 'Ability onCreate');
this.requestPermissions()
}
private requestPermissions() {
let AtManager = abilityAccessCtrl.createAtManager()
AtManager.requestPermissionsFromUser(this.context, permissionList).then(async (data) => {
Logger.info(`${TAG} data permissions: ${JSON.stringify(data.permissions)}`)
Logger.info(`${TAG} data authResult: ${JSON.stringify(data.authResults)}`)
// 判断授权是否完成
let resultCount: number = 0
for (let result of data.authResults) {
if (result === 0) {
resultCount += 1
}
}
let permissionResult : boolean = false
if (resultCount === permissionList.length) {
permissionResult = true
}
AppStorage.SetOrCreate(KEY_IS_PERMISSION, true)
this.sendPermissionResult(permissionResult)
})
}
sendPermissionResult(result : boolean) {
let eventData: emitter.EventData = {
data: {
"result": result
}
};
let innerEvent: emitter.InnerEvent = {
eventId: EVENT_PERMISSION_ID,
priority: emitter.EventPriority.HIGH
};
emitter.emit(innerEvent, eventData);
Logger.info(`${TAG} sendPermissionResult`)
}
onDestroy() {
Logger.info(`${TAG} onDestroy`)
emitter.off(EVENT_PERMISSION_ID)
} 代码解析：
- 在应用中使用到相机和操作wifi需要根据需要动态申请相关权限，具体的权限用途可以查看：应用权限列表。
- 应用动态授权需要使用到@ohos.abilityAccessCtrl (程序访问控制管理)，通过abilityAccessCtrl.createAtManager()获取到访问控制对象 AtManager。
- 通过AtManager.requestPermissionsFromUser() 拉起请求用户授权弹窗，由用户动态授权。
- 授权成功后通过Emitter（@ohos.events.emitter）向主界面发送授权结果。
- 在onDestroy()应用退出函数中取消Emitter事件订阅。
三、首页
说明：首页即为扫码页面，用于识别二维码获取二维码信息，为网络连接准备。所以此页面有有个功能，加载相机和识别二维码。
相机的启动借鉴社区提供的代码案例：二维码扫码。
- 相机功能在CameraServices中，源码参考CameraServices.ets。
- 获取相机实例使用到媒体相机接口@ohos.multimedia.camera (相机管理)。
- 首先使用camera.getCameraManager方法获取相机管理器，然后使用cameraManager.getSupportedCameras方法得到设备列表, 这里默认点亮列表中的首个相机；
- 打开相机：使用 cameraManager.createCameraInput方法创建CameraInput实例，调用open方法打开相机；
- 获取相机输出流：使用getSupportedOutputCapability查询相机设备在模式下支持的输出能力，然后使用createPreviewOutput创建相机输出流。
- 获取拍照输出流，使用@ohos.multimedia.image接口的 createImageReceiver 方法创建ImageReceiver实例，并通过其getReceivingS_urfaceId()获取S_urfaceId，通过CameraManager.createPhotoOutput()函数构建拍照输出流，并将imageReceive 的 S_urfaceId与其建立绑定关系。
- 获取相片输出：首先使用createCaptureSession方法创建捕获会话的实例，然后使用beginConfig方法配置会话，接下来使用addInput方法添加一个摄像头输入流，使用addOutput添加一个摄像头和相机照片的输出流，使用commitConfig方法提交会话配置后，调用会话的start方法开始捕获相片输出。
- 这里也可以使用相机预览流获取图像数据，但在界面上需要预览，所以这里需要构建两条预览流，一条预览流用于显示，在XComponent组件中渲染，另外一条预览流用于获取头像数据用于解析，根据实践发现，开启两条预览流后，相机帧率为：7fsp，表现为预览卡顿，所以为提升预览效果，使用定时拍照的方式获取图像数据。
- 获取图像的在SaveCameraAsset.ets中实现，扫码页面启动后每间隔1.5s调用PhotoOutput.capture()实现拍照，通过imageReceiver.on(‘imageArrival’)接收图片，使用imageReceiver.readNextImage()获取图像对象，通过Image.getComponent()获取图像缓存数据。
具体实现代码：
import camera from '@ohos.multimedia.camera';
import image from '@ohos.multimedia.image';
import SaveCameraAsset from './SaveCameraAsset'
import { QRCodeScanConst, SCAN_TYPE } from './QRCodeScanConst'
import { Logger } from '@ohos/common'
import common from '@ohos.app.ability.common'
let TAG: string = 'CameraService'
/**
* 拍照保存图片回调
*/
export interface FunctionCallBack {
onCaptureSuccess(thumbnail: image.PixelMap, resourceUri: string): void
onCaptureFailure(): void
onRecordSuccess(thumbnail: image.PixelMap): void
onRecordFailure(): void
/**
* 缩略图
*/
thumbnail(thumbnail: image.PixelMap): void
/**
* AI 识别结果
* @param result 识别结果
*/
aiResult(result: string): void
}
export interface PreviewCallBack {
onFrameStart()
onFrameEnd()
}
export interface MetaDataCallBack {
onRect(rect: camera.Rect)
}
export default class CameraService {
private static instance: CameraService = null
private mCameraManager: camera.CameraManager = null
private mCameraCount: number = 0 // 相机总数
private mCameraMap: Map> = new Map()
private mCurCameraDevice: camera.CameraDevice = null
private mCameraInput: camera.CameraInput = null
private mPreviewOutput: camera.PreviewOutput = null
private mPreviewOutputByImage: camera.PreviewOutput = null
private mPhotoOutput: camera.PhotoOutput = null
private mSaveCameraAsset: SaveCameraAsset = new SaveCameraAsset()
private mCaptureSession: camera.CaptureSession
private mMetadataOutput: camera.MetadataOutput
private constructor() {
}
/**
* 单例
*/
public static getInstance(): CameraService {
if (this.instance === null) {
this.instance = new CameraService()
}
return this.instance
}
/**
* 初始化
*/
public async initCamera(): Promise {
Logger.info(`${TAG} initCamera`)
if (this.mCameraManager === null) {
this.mCameraManager = camera.getCameraManager(AppStorage.Get('context'))
// 注册监听相机状态变化
this.mCameraManager.on('cameraStatus', (cameraStatusInfo) => {
Logger.info(`${TAG} camera Status: ${JSON.stringify(cameraStatusInfo)}`)
})
// 获取相机列表
let cameras: Array = this.mCameraManager.getSupportedCameras()
if (cameras) {
this.mCameraCount = cameras.length
Logger.info(`${TAG} mCameraCount: ${this.mCameraCount}`)
if (this.mCameraCount === 0) {
return this.mCameraCount
}
for (let i = 0; i < cameras.length; i++) {
Logger.info(`${TAG} --------------Camera Info-------------`)
const tempCameraId: string = cameras[i].cameraId
Logger.info(`${TAG} camera_id: ${tempCameraId}`)
Logger.info(`${TAG} cameraPosition: ${cameras[i].cameraPosition}`)
Logger.info(`${TAG} cameraType: ${cameras[i].cameraType}`)
const connectionType = cameras[i].connectionType
Logger.info(`${TAG} connectionType: ${connectionType}`)
// 判断本地相机还是远程相机
if (connectionType === camera.ConnectionType.CAMERA_CONNECTION_BUILT_IN) {
// 本地相机
this.displayCameraDevice(QRCodeScanConst.LOCAL_DEVICE_ID, cameras[i])
} else if (connectionType === camera.ConnectionType.CAMERA_CONNECTION_REMOTE) {
// 远程相机 相机ID格式 ： deviceID__Camera_cameraID 例如：3c8e510a1d0807ea51c2e893029a30816ed940bf848754749f427724e846fab7__Camera_lcam001
const cameraKey: string = tempCameraId.split('__Camera_')[0]
Logger.info(`${TAG} cameraKey: ${cameraKey}`)
this.displayCameraDevice(cameraKey, cameras[i])
}
}
// todo test 选择首个相机
this.mCurCameraDevice = cameras[0]
Logger.info(`${TAG} mCurCameraDevice: ${this.mCurCameraDevice.cameraId}`)
}
}
return this.mCameraCount
}
/**
* 处理相机设备
* @param key
* @param cameraDevice
*/
private displayCameraDevice(key: string, cameraDevice: camera.CameraDevice) {
Logger.info(`${TAG} displayCameraDevice ${key}`)
if (this.mCameraMap.has(key) && this.mCameraMap.get(key)?.length > 0) {
Logger.info(`${TAG} displayCameraDevice has mCameraMap`)
// 判断相机列表中是否已经存在此相机
let isExist: boolean = false
for (let item of this.mCameraMap.get(key)) {
if (item.cameraId === cameraDevice.cameraId) {
isExist = true
break
}
}
// 添加列表中没有的相机
if (!isExist) {
Logger.info(`${TAG} displayCameraDevice not exist , push ${cameraDevice.cameraId}`)
this.mCameraMap.get(key).push(cameraDevice)
} else {
Logger.info(`${TAG} displayCameraDevice has existed`)
}
} else {
let cameras: Array = []
Logger.info(`${TAG} displayCameraDevice push ${cameraDevice.cameraId}`)
cameras.push(cameraDevice)
this.mCameraMap.set(key, cameras)
}
}
/**
* 创建相机输入流
* @param cameraIndex 相机下标
* @param deviceId 设备ID
*/
public async createCameraInput(cameraIndex?: number, deviceId?: string) {
Logger.info(`${TAG} createCameraInput`)
if (this.mCameraManager === null) {
Logger.error(`${TAG} mCameraManager is null`)
return
}
if (this.mCameraCount <= 0) {
Logger.error(`${TAG} not camera device`)
return
}
if (this.mCameraInput) {
this.mCameraInput.close()
}
if (deviceId && this.mCameraMap.has(deviceId)) {
if (cameraIndex < this.mCameraMap.get(deviceId)?.length) {
this.mCurCameraDevice = this.mCameraMap.get(deviceId)[cameraIndex]
} else {
this.mCurCameraDevice = this.mCameraMap.get(deviceId)[0]
}
}
Logger.info(`${TAG} mCurCameraDevice: ${this.mCurCameraDevice?.cameraId}`)
try {
this.mCameraInput = this.mCameraManager.createCameraInput(this.mCurCameraDevice)
Logger.info(`${TAG} mCameraInput: ${JSON.stringify(this.mCameraInput)}`)
this.mCameraInput.on('error', this.mCurCameraDevice, (error) => {
Logger.error(`${TAG} CameraInput error: ${JSON.stringify(error)}`)
})
await this.mCameraInput.open()
} catch (err) {
if (err) {
Logger.error(`${TAG} failed to createCameraInput`)
}
}
}
/**
* 释放相机输入流
*/
public async releaseCameraInput() {
Logger.info(`${TAG} releaseCameraInput`)
if (this.mCameraInput) {
try {
await this.mCameraInput.close()
Logger.info(`${TAG} releaseCameraInput closed`)
} catch (err) {
Logger.error(`${TAG} releaseCameraInput ${err}}`)
}
this.mCameraInput = null
}
}
/**
* 创建相机预览输出流
*/
public async createPreviewOutput(s_urfaceId: string, callback?: PreviewCallBack) {
Logger.info(`${TAG} createPreviewOutput s_urfaceId ${s_urfaceId}`)
if (this.mCameraManager === null) {
Logger.error(`${TAG} createPreviewOutput mCameraManager is null`)
return
}
// 获取当前相机设备支持的输出能力
let cameraOutputCap = this.mCameraManager.getSupportedOutputCapability(this.mCurCameraDevice)
if (!cameraOutputCap) {
Logger.error(`${TAG} createPreviewOutput getSupportedOutputCapability error}`)
return
}
Logger.info(`${TAG} createPreviewOutput cameraOutputCap ${JSON.stringify(cameraOutputCap)}`)
let previewProfilesArray = cameraOutputCap.previewProfiles
let previewProfiles: camera.Profile
if (!previewProfilesArray || previewProfilesArray.length <= 0) {
Logger.error(`${TAG} createPreviewOutput previewProfilesArray error}`)
previewProfiles = {
format: 1,
size: {
width: QRCodeScanConst.DEFAULT_WIDTH,
height: QRCodeScanConst.DEFAULT_HEIGHT
}
}
} else {
Logger.info(`${TAG} createPreviewOutput previewProfile length ${previewProfilesArray.length}`)
previewProfiles = previewProfilesArray[0]
}
Logger.info(`${TAG} createPreviewOutput previewProfile[0] ${JSON.stringify(previewProfiles)}`)
try {
this.mPreviewOutput = this.mCameraManager.createPreviewOutput(previewProfiles, s_urfaceId)
Logger.info(`${TAG} createPreviewOutput success`)
// 监听预览帧开始
this.mPreviewOutput.on('frameStart', () => {
Logger.info(`${TAG} createPreviewOutput camera frame Start`)
if (callback) {
callback.onFrameStart()
}
})
this.mPreviewOutput.on('frameEnd', () => {
Logger.info(`${TAG} createPreviewOutput camera frame End`)
if (callback) {
callback.onFrameEnd()
}
})
this.mPreviewOutput.on('error', (error) => {
Logger.error(`${TAG} createPreviewOutput error: ${error}`)
})
} catch (err) {
Logger.error(`${TAG} failed to createPreviewOutput ${err}`)
}
}
/**
* 释放预览输出流
*/
public async releasePreviewOutput() {
Logger.info(`${TAG} releaseCamera PreviewOutput`)
if (this.mPreviewOutput) {
await this.mPreviewOutput.release()
Logger.info(`${TAG} releaseCamera PreviewOutput release`)
this.mPreviewOutput = null
}
}
/**
* 创建拍照输出流
*/
public async createPhotoOutput(functionCallback: FunctionCallBack) {
Logger.info(`${TAG} createPhotoOutput`)
if (!this.mCameraManager) {
Logger.error(`${TAG} createPhotoOutput mCameraManager is null`)
return
}
// 通过宽、高、图片格式、容量创建ImageReceiver实例
const receiver: image.ImageReceiver = image.createImageReceiver(QRCodeScanConst.DEFAULT_WIDTH, QRCodeScanConst.DEFAULT_HEIGHT, image.ImageFormat.JPEG, 8)
const imageS_urfaceId: string = await receiver.getReceivingS_urfaceId()
Logger.info(`${TAG} createPhotoOutput imageS_urfaceId: ${imageS_urfaceId}`)
let cameraOutputCap = this.mCameraManager.getSupportedOutputCapability(this.mCurCameraDevice)
Logger.info(`${TAG} createPhotoOutput cameraOutputCap ${cameraOutputCap}`)
if (!cameraOutputCap) {
Logger.error(`${TAG} createPhotoOutput getSupportedOutputCapability error}`)
return
}
let photoProfilesArray = cameraOutputCap.photoProfiles
let photoProfiles: camera.Profile
if (!photoProfilesArray || photoProfilesArray.length <= 0) {
// 使用自定义的配置
photoProfiles = {
format: camera.CameraFormat.CAMERA_FORMAT_JPEG,
size: {
width: QRCodeScanConst.DEFAULT_WIDTH,
height: QRCodeScanConst.DEFAULT_HEIGHT
}
}
} else {
Logger.info(`${TAG} createPhotoOutput photoProfile length ${photoProfilesArray.length}`)
photoProfiles = photoProfilesArray[0]
}
Logger.info(`${TAG} createPhotoOutput photoProfile ${JSON.stringify(photoProfiles)}`)
try {
this.mPhotoOutput = this.mCameraManager.createPhotoOutput(photoProfiles, imageS_urfaceId)
Logger.info(`${TAG} createPhotoOutput mPhotoOutput success`)
// 保存图片
this.mSaveCameraAsset.saveImage(receiver, functionCallback)
} catch (err) {
Logger.error(`${TAG} createPhotoOutput failed to createPhotoOutput ${err}`)
}
}
/**
* 释放拍照输出流
*/
public async releasePhotoOutput() {
Logger.info(`${TAG} releaseCamera PhotoOutput`)
if (this.mPhotoOutput) {
await this.mPhotoOutput.release()
Logger.info(`${TAG} releaseCamera PhotoOutput release`)
this.mPhotoOutput = null
}
}
public async createSession() {
Logger.info(`${TAG} createSession`)
this.mCaptureSession = await this.mCameraManager.createCaptureSession()
Logger.info(`${TAG} createSession mCaptureSession ${this.mCaptureSession}`)
this.mCaptureSession.on('error', (error) => {
Logger.error(`${TAG} CaptureSession error ${JSON.stringify(error)}`)
})
try {
this.mCaptureSession?.beginConfig()
this.mCaptureSession?.addInput(this.mCameraInput)
if (this.mPreviewOutputByImage != null) {
Logger.info(`${TAG} createSession addOutput PreviewOutputByImage`)
this.mCaptureSession?.addOutput(this.mPreviewOutputByImage)
}
if (this.mPreviewOutput != null) {
Logger.info(`${TAG} createSession addOutput PreviewOutput`)
this.mCaptureSession?.addOutput(this.mPreviewOutput)
}
if (this.mPhotoOutput != null) {
Logger.info(`${TAG} createSession addOutput PhotoOutput`)
this.mCaptureSession?.addOutput(this.mPhotoOutput)
}
if (this.mMetadataOutput != null) {
Logger.info(`${TAG} createSession addOutput mMetadataOutput`)
this.mCaptureSession?.addOutput(this.mMetadataOutput)
}
} catch (err) {
if (err) {
Logger.error(`${TAG} createSession beginConfig fail err:${JSON.stringify(err)}`)
}
}
try {
await this.mCaptureSession?.commitConfig()
} catch (err) {
if (err) {
Logger.error(`${TAG} createSession commitConfig fail err:${JSON.stringify(err)}`)
}
}
try {
await this.mCaptureSession?.start()
} catch (err) {
if (err) {
Logger.error(`${TAG} createSession start fail err:${JSON.stringify(err)}`)
}
}
if (this.mMetadataOutput) {
this.mMetadataOutput.start().then(() => {
Logger.info(`${TAG} Callback returned with metadataOutput started`)
}).catch((err) => {
Logger.error(`${TAG} Failed to metadataOutput start ${err.code}`)
})
}
Logger.info(`${TAG} createSession mCaptureSession start`)
}
public async releaseSession() {
Logger.info(`${TAG} releaseCamera Session`)
if (this.mCaptureSession) {
await this.mCaptureSession.release()
Logger.info(`${TAG} releaseCamera Session release`)
this.mCaptureSession = null
}
}
/**
* 拍照
*/
public async takePicture() {
Logger.info(`${TAG} takePicture`)
if (!this.mCaptureSession) {
Logger.info(`${TAG} takePicture session is release`)
return
}
if (!this.mPhotoOutput) {
Logger.info(`${TAG} takePicture mPhotoOutput is null`)
return
}
try {
const photoCaptureSetting: camera.PhotoCaptureSetting = {
quality: camera.QualityLevel.QUALITY_LEVEL_HIGH,
rotation: camera.ImageRotation.ROTATION_0,
location: {
latitude: 0,
longitude: 0,
altitude: 0
},
mirror: false
}
await this.mPhotoOutput.capture(photoCaptureSetting)
} catch (err) {
Logger.error(`${TAG} takePicture err:${JSON.stringify(err)}`)
}
}
/**
* 获取设备的相机列表
* @param deviceId 设备ID
*/
public getDeviceCameras(deviceId: string): Array {
Logger.info(`${TAG} getDeviceCameras ${deviceId} size ${this.mCameraMap.size}`)
return this.mCameraMap.get(deviceId)
}
public getCameraCount(): number {
return this.mCameraCount
}
/**
* 释放相机
*/
public async releaseCamera(): Promise {
Logger.info(`${TAG} releaseCamera`)
let result: boolean = false
let tempStartTime: number = new Date().getTime()
try {
await this.releaseCameraInput()
await this.releasePhotoOutput()
await this.releasePreviewOutput()
await this.releaseSession()
result = true
} catch (err) {
Logger.error(`${TAG} releaseCamera fail ${JSON.stringify(err)}`)
}
let tempTime: number = new Date().getTime() - tempStartTime
Logger.info(`${TAG} releaseCamera finish time: ${tempTime}`)
return result
}
public async selectPic() {
Logger.info("getSingleImageFromAlbum start")
let context = AppStorage.Get('context') as common.UIAbilityContext
let abilityResult = await context.startAbilityForResult({
bundleName: 'com.ohos.photos',
abilityName: 'com.ohos.photos.MainAbility',
parameters: {
uri: 'singleselect' // 只选取单个文件
}
})
if (abilityResult.want === null || abilityResult.want === undefined) {
Logger.info("getSingleImageFromAlbum end. abilityResult.want is null.")
return null
}
if (abilityResult.want.parameters === null || abilityResult.want.parameters === undefined) {
Logger.info("getSingleImageFromAlbum end. abilityResult.want.parameters is null.")
return null
}
let images = abilityResult.want.parameters['select-item-list']
let imageUri = images[0]
Logger.info("getSingleImageFromAlbum end. uri:" + imageUri)
return imageUri
}
} import image from '@ohos.multimedia.image'
import { FunctionCallBack } from './CameraService'
import { Logger } from '@ohos/common'
import CodeRuleUtil from '../utils/CodeRuleUtil'
const TAG: string = 'SaveCameraAsset'
/**
* 保存相机拍照的资源
*/
export default class SaveCameraAsset {
constructor() {
}
/**
* 保存拍照图片
* @param imageReceiver 图像接收对象
* @param thumbWidth 宽度
* @param thumbHeight 高度
* @param callback 回调
*/
public saveImage(imageReceiver: image.ImageReceiver, callback: FunctionCallBack) {
console.info(`${TAG} saveImage`)
let buffer = new ArrayBuffer(4096)
const imgWidth: number = imageReceiver.size.width
const imgHeight: number = imageReceiver.size.height
Logger.info(`${TAG} saveImage size ${JSON.stringify(imageReceiver.size)}`)
// 接收图片回调
imageReceiver.on('imageArrival', async () => {
console.info(`${TAG} saveImage ImageArrival`)
// 使用当前时间命名
imageReceiver.readNextImage((err, imageObj: image.Image) => {
if (imageObj === undefined) {
Logger.error(`${TAG} saveImage failed to get valid image error = ${err}`)
return
}
// 根据图像的组件类型从图像中获取组件缓存 4-JPEG类型
imageObj.getComponent(image.ComponentType.JPEG, async (errMsg, imgComponent) => {
if (imgComponent === undefined) {
Logger.error(`${TAG} getComponent failed to get valid buffer error = ${errMsg}`)
return
}
if (imgComponent.byteBuffer) {
Logger.info(`${TAG} getComponent imgComponent.byteBuffer ${imgComponent.byteBuffer.byteLength}`)
buffer = imgComponent.byteBuffer
// todo 内置解码库不开源
let resultRGB: string = qr.decode(buffer)
Logger.info(`${TAG} AI uimg result RGB ${resultRGB}`)
if (callback) {
callback.aiResult(CodeRuleUtil.getRuleResult(resultRGB))
}
} else {
Logger.info(`${TAG} getComponent imgComponent.byteBuffer is undefined`)
}说明：解码使用内部的解码库因为不开源，非常抱歉，当然可以使用开源解码可以，如jsqr、zxing。
"dependencies": {
"jsqr": "^1.4.0",
"@ohos/zxing": "^2.0.0"
}四、配网协议
说明：处于通用性考虑，需要对配网的二维码解析约定一个协议，也就是约定联网二维码数据的格式：##ssid##pwd##securityType
- ssid ： 热点的SSID，编码格式为UTF-8。
- pwd ：热点的密钥。
- securityType ： 加密类型，这可以参看wifiManager.WifiSecurityType。
在项目中也提供了协议解析类AnalyticResult.ts，具体代码如下：
/**
* 结果解析类
*/
export type ResultType = {
ssid: string,
pwd: string,
securityType : number
}
const SEPARATOR: string = '##'
export class Analytic {
constructor() {
}
getResult(msg: string): ResultType {
let result: ResultType = null
if (msg && msg.length > 0 && msg.indexOf(SEPARATOR) >= 0) {
let resultArr: string[] = msg.split(SEPARATOR)
if (resultArr.length >= 4) {
result = {
ssid: resultArr[1],
pwd: resultArr[2],
securityType: parseInt(resultArr[3])
}
}
}
return result
}
}五、配网页面
说明：通过对配网二维码的解析获取到热点的ssid、密钥、加密类型，就可以通过@ohos.wifiManager(WLAN)提供的网络连接接口实现配网。因为网络连接需要调用系统的一些验证流程，需要消耗一些时间，为了优化交互，需要一个网络连接等待界面ConnectPage.ets，界面截图如下：
具体代码如下：
import { WifiConnectStatus } from '../model/Constant'
import router from '@ohos.router';
import { Logger } from '@ohos/common'
import wifi from '@ohos.wifiManager';
import { ResultType } from '../model/AnalyticResult'
import { WifiModel } from '../model/WifiModel'
/**
* 网络连接页面
*/
const TAG: string = '[ConnectPage]'
const MAX_TIME_OUT: number = 60000 // 最大超时时间
@Entry
@Component
struct ConnectPage {
@State mConnectSsid: string = ''
@State mConnectStatus: WifiConnectStatus = WifiConnectStatus.CONNECTING
@State mConnectingAngle : number = 0
@State mConnectFailResource : Resource = $r('app.string.connect_wifi_fail')
private linkedInfo: wifi.WifiLinkedInfo = null
private mWifiModel: WifiModel = new WifiModel()
private mTimeOutId: number = -1
private mAnimationTimeOutId : number = -1
async aboutToAppear() {
Logger.info(`${TAG} aboutToAppear`)
this.showConnecting()
let wifiResult: ResultType = router.getParams()['wifiResult']
Logger.info(`${TAG} wifiResult : ${JSON.stringify(wifiResult)}`)
// 如果wifi是开的，就记录下状态，然后扫描wifi，并获取连接信息
if (!wifi.isWifiActive()) {
Logger.info(TAG, 'enableWifi')
try {
wifi.enableWifi()
} catch (error) {
Logger.error(`${TAG} wifi enable fail, ${JSON.stringify(error)}`)
}
}
await this.getLinkedInfo()
// 启动监听
this.addListener()
if (wifiResult == null) {
Logger.info(TAG, 'wifiResult is null')
this.mConnectFailResource = $r('app.string.scan_code_data_error')
this.mConnectStatus = WifiConnectStatus.FAIL
} else {
this.mConnectSsid = wifiResult.ssid
Logger.info(`${TAG} connect wifi ${this.mConnectSsid}`)
this.disposeWifiConnect(wifiResult)
}
}
/**
* 启动超时任务
*/
startTimeOut(): void {
Logger.info(TAG, `startTimeOut`)
this.mTimeOutId = setTimeout(() => {
// 如果超过1分钟没有连接上网络，则认为网络连接超时
try {
this.mConnectFailResource = $r('app.string.connect_wifi_fail')
this.mConnectStatus = WifiConnectStatus.FAIL
wifi.disconnect();
} catch (error) {
Logger.error(TAG, `failed,code:${JSON.stringify(error.code)},message:${JSON.stringify(error.message)}`)
}
}, MAX_TIME_OUT)
}
/**
* 取消超时任务
*/
cancelTimeOut() {
Logger.info(TAG, `cancelTimeOut id:${this.mTimeOutId}`)
if (this.mTimeOutId >= 0) {
clearTimeout(this.mTimeOutId)
this.mTimeOutId = -1
}
}
// 监听wifi的变化
addListener() {
// 连接状态改变时，修改连接信息
wifi.on('wifiConnectionChange', async state => {
Logger.info(TAG, `wifiConnectionChange: ${state}`)
// 判断网络是否连接 0=断开 1=连接
if (state === 1) {
this.mConnectStatus = WifiConnectStatus.SUCCESS
this.cancelTimeOut()
}
await this.getLinkedInfo()
})
// wifi状态改变时，先清空wifi列表，然后判断是否是开启状态，如果是就扫描
wifi.on('wifiStateChange', state => {
Logger.info(TAG, `wifiStateLisener state: ${state}`)
})
}
// 获取有关Wi-Fi连接的信息,存入linkedInfo
async getLinkedInfo() {
try {
let wifiLinkedInfo = await wifi.getLinkedInfo()
if (wifiLinkedInfo === null || wifiLinkedInfo.bssid === '') {
this.linkedInfo = null
return
}
this.linkedInfo = wifiLinkedInfo
} catch (err) {
Logger.info(`getLinkedInfo failed err is ${JSON.stringify(err)}`)
}
}
/**
* 处理wifi连接
* @param wifiResult
*/
disposeWifiConnect(wifiResult: ResultType): void {
this.mConnectStatus = WifiConnectStatus.CONNECTING
if (this.linkedInfo) {
// 说明wifi已经连接，需要确认需要连接的wifi和已连接的wifi是否为相同
let linkedSsid: string = this.linkedInfo.ssid;
if (linkedSsid === wifiResult.ssid) {
Logger.info(`${TAG} The same ssid`);
this.mConnectStatus = WifiConnectStatus.SUCCESS
return;
}
// 如果wifi不同，则先断开网络连接，再重新连接
try {
wifi.disconnect();
this.connectWifi(wifiResult.ssid, wifiResult.pwd, wifiResult.securityType)
} catch (error) {
Logger.error(TAG, `failed,code:${JSON.stringify(error.code)},message:${JSON.stringify(error.message)}`)
}
} else {
this.connectWifi(wifiResult.ssid, wifiResult.pwd, wifiResult.securityType)
}
}
private connectWifi(ssid: string, pwd: string, securityType : number) {
this.startTimeOut()
this.mWifiModel.connectNetwork(ssid, pwd, securityType)
}
async gotoIndex() {
try {
let options: router.RouterOptions = {
url: "pages/Index"
}
await router.replaceUrl(options)
} catch (error) {
Logger.error(`${TAG} go to index fail, err: ${JSON.stringify(error)}`)
}
}
showConnecting() {
this.mConnectingAngle = 0
this.mAnimationTimeOutId = setTimeout(() => {
this.mConnectingAngle = 360
}, 500)
}
closeConnecting() {
if (this.mAnimationTimeOutId > -1) {
clearTimeout(this.mAnimationTimeOutId)
}
}
aboutToDisappear() {
wifi.off('wifiConnectionChange')
wifi.off('wifiStateChange')
this.cancelTimeOut()
this.closeConnecting()
}
build() {
Column() {
// back
Row() {
Image($r('app.media.icon_back'))
.width(30)
.height(30)
.objectFit(ImageFit.Contain)
.onClick(() => {
router.back()
})
}
.width('90%')
.height('10%')
.justifyContent(FlexAlign.Start)
.alignItems(VerticalAlign.Center)
Stack() {
// 背景
Column() {
Image($r('app.media.bg_connect_wifi'))
.width('100%')
.height('100%')
.objectFit(ImageFit.Contain)
.rotate({
x: 0,
y: 0,
z: 1,
centerX: '50%',
centerY: '49%',
angle: this.mConnectingAngle
})
.animation({
duration: 2000, // 动画时长
curve: Curve.Linear, // 动画曲线
delay: 0, // 动画延迟
iterations: -1, // 播放次数
playMode: PlayMode.Normal // 动画模式
})
}
Column({ space: 20 }) {
if (this.mConnectStatus === WifiConnectStatus.SUCCESS) {
// 连接成功
Image($r('app.media.icon_connect_wifi_success'))
.width(80)
.height(80)
.objectFit(ImageFit.Contain)
Text($r('app.string.connect_wifi_success'))
.fontSize(32)
.fontColor($r('app.color.connect_wifi_text'))
Text(this.mConnectSsid)
.fontSize(22)
.fontColor($r('app.color.connect_wifi_text'))
} else if (this.mConnectStatus === WifiConnectStatus.FAIL) {
// 连接失败
Image($r('app.media.icon_connect_wifi_fail'))
.width(80)
.height(80)
.objectFit(ImageFit.Contain)
Text(this.mConnectFailResource)
.fontSize(32)
.fontColor($r('app.color.connect_wifi_text'))
Button($r('app.string.reconnect_wifi'))
.width(260)
.height(55)
.backgroundColor($r('app.color.connect_fail_but_bg'))
.onClick(() => {
this.gotoIndex()
})
} else {
// 连接中
Image($r('app.media.icon_connect_wifi'))
.width(100)
.height(100)
.objectFit(ImageFit.Contain)
Text($r('app.string.connect_wifi_hint'))
.fontSize(16)
.fontColor($r('app.color.connect_wifi_text'))
Text($r('app.string.connecting_wifi'))
.fontSize(32)
.fontColor($r('app.color.connect_wifi_text'))
Text(this.mConnectSsid)
.fontSize(22)
.fontColor($r('app.color.connect_wifi_text'))
}
}
.width('100%')
.height('100%')
.justifyContent(FlexAlign.Center)
.alignItems(HorizontalAlign.Center)
}
.width('100%')
.height('80%')
}
.width('100%')
.height('100%')
.backgroundColor($r('app.color.connect_bg'))
}
}整个界面比较简单，主要显示当前的连接状态：连接中、连接成功、连接超时，特别强调连接超时，计划热点最长连接60s，如果在预定时间未连接成功，则显示超时，超时后可以通过重新配网按钮进行重新扫码连接，根据实际测试，在热点未打开状态下扫码连接耗时平均值12s。
界面中最大的亮点，增加了一个发光圆形的属性动画animation，圆形在2s内绕着z轴旋从0度转到360度。
Image($r('app.media.bg_connect_wifi'))
.width('100%')
.height('100%')
.objectFit(ImageFit.Contain)
.rotate({
x: 0,
y: 0,
z: 1,
centerX: '50%',
centerY: '49%',
angle: this.mConnectingAngle
})
.animation({
duration: 2000, // 动画时长
curve: Curve.Linear, // 动画曲线
delay: 0, // 动画延迟
iterations: -1, // 播放次数
playMode: PlayMode.Normal // 动画模式
})六、网络自动连接
说明：网络自动连接主要是通过@ohos.wifiManager(WLAN)提供的连接接口实现，具体代码如下：
import wifi from '@ohos.wifiManager'
import { Logger } from '@ohos/common'
const TAG: string = '[WiFiModel]'
export type WifiType = {
ssid: string,
bssid: string,
securityType: wifi.WifiSecurityType,
rssi: number,
band: number,
frequency: number,
timestamp: number
}
export class WifiModel {
async getScanInfos(): Promise> {
Logger.info(TAG, 'scanWifi begin')
let wifiList: Array = []
let result: Array = []
try {
result = await wifi.getScanResults()
} catch (err) {
Logger.info(TAG, `scan info err: ${JSON.stringify(err)}`)
return wifiList
}
Logger.info(TAG, `scan info call back: ${result.length}`)
for (var i = 0; i < result.length; ++i) {
wifiList.push({
ssid: result[i].ssid,
bssid: result[i].bssid,
securityType: result[i].securityType,
rssi: result[i].rssi,
band: result[i].band,
frequency: result[i].frequency,
timestamp: result[i].timestamp
})
}
return wifiList
}
connectNetwork(wifiSsid: string, psw: string, securityType : number): void {
Logger.debug(TAG, `connectNetwork bssid=${wifiSsid} securityType:${securityType}`)
// securityType 加密类型默认：Pre-shared key (PSK)加密类型
let deviceConfig: wifi.WifiDeviceConfig = {
ssid: wifiSsid,
preSharedKey: psw,
isHiddenSsid: false,
securityType: securityType
}
try {
wifi.connectToDevice(deviceConfig)
Logger.info(TAG, `connectToDevice success`)
} catch (err) {
Logger.error(TAG, `connectToDevice fail err is ${JSON.stringify(err)}`)
}
try {
wifi.addDeviceConfig(deviceConfig)
} catch (err) {
Logger.error(TAG, `addDeviceConfig fail err is ${JSON.stringify(err)}`)
}
}
} 网络连接主要是通过wifi.connectToDevice(deviceConfig)实现，其中：deviceConfig: wifi.WifiDeviceConfig为WLAN配置信息，在连接网络时必填三个参数ssid、preSharedKey、securityType。
- ssid：热点的SSID。
- preSharedKey：热点密钥。
- securityType：加密类型。
注意：在调用connectToDevice()函数连接网络时，如果网络已经连接，则需要先调用disconnect()接口断开网络后再执行。
至此，你已经完成了扫码即可连接网络的应用。
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